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Redgrave is a village and
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...
in
Suffolk
Suffolk () is a ceremonial county of England in East Anglia. It borders Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south; the North Sea lies to the east. The county town is Ipswich; other important towns include Lowes ...
, England, just south of the
River Waveney
The River Waveney is a river which forms the boundary between Suffolk and Norfolk, England, for much of its length within The Broads. The "ey" part of the name means "river" thus the name is tautological.
Course
The source of the River Wavene ...
that here forms the county boundary with
Norfolk
Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the No ...
. The village is about west of the town of
Diss. The
2011 Census recorded the parish population as 459.
Redgrave is in the Rickinghall and Walsham ward of
Mid Suffolk
Mid Suffolk is a local government district in Suffolk, England. Its council was based in Needham Market until late 2017, and is currently sharing offices with the Suffolk County Council in Ipswich. The largest town of Mid Suffolk is Stowmarket. ...
District.
The village of Redgrave is the descendant of the historic Redgrave Manor (Redgrave Park) which contained Redgrave Hall and currently contains Redgrave Park Farm.
History
In 1870–72,
John Marius Wilson
John Marius Wilson (c. 1805–1885) was a British writer and an editor, most notable for his gazetteers. The ''Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales'' (published 1870–72), was a substantial topographical dictionary in six volumes. It was a c ...
's ''Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales'' described Redgrave thus:
:"REDGRAVE, a village and a parish in
Hartismere
Hartismere was a hundred of Suffolk, that later gave its name to a poor law union, a rural sanitary district, and the Hartismere Rural District.
Listed as ''Hertesmere'' in the Domesday Book, the name of the hundred is derived from "Hart's mere" ...
district,
Suffolk
Suffolk () is a ceremonial county of England in East Anglia. It borders Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south; the North Sea lies to the east. The county town is Ipswich; other important towns include Lowes ...
. The village stands near the river
Waveney Waveney may refer to:
* River Waveney, a river that forms the boundary between Suffolk and Norfolk, England
* Waveney District, a local government district in Suffolk, England
* Waveney (UK Parliament constituency)
* Waveney class lifeboat, a class ...
at the boundary with
Norfolk
Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the No ...
, 4¼ miles NW of
Mellis
Mellis is a small village in Suffolk, England. It has the largest area of unfenced common land in England. Oliver Cromwell exercised his troops in Mellis. It once had a railway station on the main line between London and Norwich, and a small b ...
ail
Ail or AIL may refer to:
* Illness, a state of poor health
* Ail (''Sailor Moon''), a character in the ''Sailor Moon'' anime series
* Acceptance in lieu, an arrangement in the UK for accepting works of art etc. in lieu of tax
* Agilus, a Frankis ...
station, and 7 WNW of Eye; and has a post-office under
Scole
Scole () is a village on the Norfolk– Suffolk border in England. It is 19 miles south of Norwich and lay on the old Roman road to Venta Icenorum, which was the main road until it was bypassed with a dual carriageway. It covers an area of and h ...
. The parish contains also the hamlet of
Botesdale
Botesdale is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of the English county of Suffolk. The village is about south west of Diss, south of Norwich and north east of Bury St Edmunds. The village of Rickinghall merges with Botesda ...
, and comprises . Real property, £7,722. Population in 1851, 1,382; in 1861, 1,266. Houses, 299. The
edgravemanor was given, by
Ulfketel the Dane, to
he_ he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey">Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey.html"_;"title="he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey">he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey_passed_to_Nicholas_Bacon_(courtier).html" ;"title="Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey.html" ;"title="Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey.html" ;"title="he
he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey">Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey.html"_;"title="he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey">he_Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey_passed_to_Nicholas_Bacon_(courtier)">Lord_Keeper_Bacon,_
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_
Sir_John_Holt_(23_December_1642_–_5_March_1710)_was_an_English_lawyer_who_served_as_Lord_Chief_Justice_of_England_and_Wales,_Lord_Chief_Justice_of_England_from_17_April_1689_to_his_death._He_is_frequently_credited_with_playing_a_major_role_in_...
,_and_others;_and,_with_Redgrave_Hall,_belongs_now_to_George_Holt_Wilson.html" ;"title="John_Holt_(judge).html" "title="Bury St. Edmunds Abbey">he Bury St. Edmunds Abbey">Bury_St._Edmunds_Abbey.html" ;"title="he Bury St. Edmunds Abbey">he Bury St. Edmunds Abbey passed to Nicholas Bacon (courtier)">Lord Keeper Bacon, John Holt (judge)">Chief Justice Holt
Sir John Holt (23 December 1642 – 5 March 1710) was an English lawyer who served as Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, Lord Chief Justice of England from 17 April 1689 to his death. He is frequently credited with playing a major role in ...
, and others; and, with Redgrave Hall, belongs now to George Holt Wilson">G. H. Wilson, Esq. [Redgrave Hall] occupies the site of a residence of the Bury St. Edmunds Abbey, Abbots of Bury; was rebuilt in 1770; and has a very fine park. Limetree House is the seat of J. R. Whit-hair, Esq. The living is a rectory, united with the chapelry of
Botesdale
Botesdale is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of the English county of Suffolk. The village is about south west of Diss, south of Norwich and north east of Bury St Edmunds. The village of Rickinghall merges with Botesda ...
, in the diocese of
Norwich
Norwich () is a cathedral city and district of Norfolk, England, of which it is the county town. Norwich is by the River Wensum, about north-east of London, north of Ipswich and east of Peterborough. As the seat of the See of Norwich, with ...
. Value, £889.* Patron,
G. H. Wilson, Esq. The church was restored in 1850. There are a
Wesleyan
Wesleyan theology, otherwise known as Wesleyan– Arminian theology, or Methodist theology, is a theological tradition in Protestant Christianity based upon the ministry of the 18th-century evangelical reformer brothers John Wesley and Charles W ...
chapel, a national school, an endowed grammar school with £28 a year, and charities £21. Cardinal Wolsey was rector."
Redgrave Manor/Park/Hall
Before 1542 (Bury Abbey)
According to the
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...
completed in 1086, the Redgrave Manor was given to the
Bury St. Edmunds Abbey
The Abbey of Bury St Edmunds was once among the richest Benedictine monasteries in England, until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. It is in the town that grew up around it, Bury St Edmunds in the county of Suffolk, England. It was a ...
by Ulfketel. (Ulfketel was Earl of
East Anglia
East Anglia is an area in the East of England, often defined as including the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire. The name derives from the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the East Angles, a people whose name originated in Anglia, in ...
and leader of local resistance against the invading Danish armies in 1004 and 1010.) By 1211, Abbot Samson of Bury St Edmunds had built a hunting lodge (or Hall) and deer-park (a deer hunting ground enclosed by fence or ditch) which soon included a stable, dairy, chicken house, dove house, goose house, orchard, kitchen, bake house, chapel, and guest house. Redgrave Church was added in the early 14th century. In 1539 King
Henry VIII
Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disa ...
dissolved the monasteries and Redgrave Manor and Park passed into the hands of the King.
1542 – 1702 (Bacons)
Nicholas Bacon (father of philosopher/statesman Sir
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban (; 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626), also known as Lord Verulam, was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Bacon led the advancement of both ...
) bought Redgrave Manor from the Crown in 1542. Bacon rebuilt the Hall and made some alterations to the Park. Robert Bacon, the 5th baronet, sold the Redgrave Estate in 1702 to John Holt, the Lord Chief Justice.
1702 – 1799 (Holts)
In 1702 Robert Bacon sold the Redgrave Hall Estate to
John Holt who was the
Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales
Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are ...
from 17 April 1689 to 11 March 1710. After John Holt, his brother Rowland Holt was Squire of Redgrave, followed by his son, Rowland II, followed by his 16-year-old son Rowland III who remodelled the Hall and Park in the 1760s adding a sinuous, lake, "a Palladian 'rotunda' or round house in one corner of the Park, and a 'water house' (later known as the Kennels) beside the Lake. A decorative
Orangery
An orangery or orangerie was a room or a dedicated building on the grounds of fashionable residences of Northern Europe from the 17th to the 19th centuries where orange and other fruit trees were protected during the winter, as a very large ...
and a red brick stable block were built near the Hall.
..He owned a house in London, at 47 Pall Mall. When he died unmarried in 1786 the Estate passed to his brother Thomas. Thomas Holt was Squire of Redgrave until his death in 1799, when the Estate passed to his nephew
George Wilson, eldest son of his sister Lucinda, who had married Thomas Wilson in 1752. Thus the Estate passed into the Wilson family."
1799 – 1971 (Wilsons)
In 1799, Thomas Holt's nephew Captain George Wilson (later Admiral of the Red) inherited the Redgrave Estate. Admiral Wilson's eldest son, George St Vincent (1806–1852) inherited what King
William IV
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded h ...
called "the most beautiful combination of land and water in Eastern England".
[Redgrave History (Wilsons)]
/ref>
"George St V.'s youngest brother John Wood Wilson (1812–1872) worked hard to put the management of the Estate on a sounder footing, and to invest in farm improvements. ..In 1898 financial problems forced George Holt Wilson to move out of Redgrave Hall, and he took up residence at Broom Hills house, Rickinghall. He was the last of the Wilsons to live at the Hall. ..In the First World War troops were billeted in the Park. Between 1919 and 1921 George Holt Wilson sold most of the contents of the Muniment Room at the Hall. This was a room on the ground floor which contained Estate and manorial records and legal documents relating to the successive owners of the Estate dating back to the Middle Ages. The bulk of the early material went to the University of Chicago, where it forms a uniquely important collection of documents for studying Mediaeval and Tudor history. ..In 1924 George Holt Wilson died, and his son George Rowland died in 1928. The Estate therefore had to pay two lots of death duties tax in four years. This set the scene for the climate of financial stringency facing John Holt Wilson (1900–1963) when he took over running the Estate. For a few years in the 1930s John Holt Wilson was able to let the Hall as a hotel and country club. fter World War II hedecided to demolish the Hall to raise money to plough into the Estate. The interior features – fireplaces, ceilings, staircases – were sold, and then the house itself was taken down brick by brick."[
]
1971 – present (Tophams)
In 1971 Redgrave Park was sold out of the Holt-Wilson family to Guy and Elizabeth Topham who turned it into a farm. Of the buildings erected by Brown, only the Roundhouse and the Kennels survive, and are subject to a Grade Two preservation order by the Government to keep them for posterity.[
]
H5N1 outbreak in Redgrave, 2007
In November 2007, the highly pathogenic avian influenza
Avian influenza, known informally as avian flu or bird flu, is a variety of influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds. subtype H5N1
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus which can cause illness in humans and many other animal species. A bird-adapted strain of H5N1, called HPAI A(H5N1) for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of typ ...
strain that is considered a flu pandemic
An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads across a large region (either multiple continents or worldwide) and infects a large proportion of the population. There have been six major influenza epidemics in the last ...
threat was discovered at several Redgrave Poultry farms near Diss, Norfolk
Diss is a market town and electoral ward in South Norfolk, England, near the boundary with Suffolk, with a population of 7,572 in 2011. Diss railway station is on the Great Eastern Main Line between London and Norwich. It lies in the valley of t ...
; including at Redgrave Park where free range
Free range denotes a method of farming husbandry where the animals, for at least part of the day, can roam freely outdoors, rather than being confined in an enclosure for 24 hours each day.
On many farms, the outdoors ranging area is fenced, ...
turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
s (with access to housing at night) are farmed. DEFRA DEFRA may refer to:
* Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, United States law
* Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, United Kingdom government department
{{Disambiguation ...
killed tens of thousands of poultry to stop the spread of this outbreak of H5N1.
Other notable people
* Thomas Fowle, 16th century rector.[Charles Henry Cooper, Thompson Cooper, George John Gray, ''Athenae Cantabrigienses: 1500–1585'' (1858)]
p. 452
/ref>
See also
* 2007 Bernard Matthews H5N1 outbreak
Sources
Further reading
Diss Express
– village's local newspaper website
map
– website detailing the history of Redgrave Park
Parish Magazine for Redgrave, Rickinghhall & Botesdale
External links
{{authority control
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
History of Suffolk
Mid Suffolk District